{"id":12080,"date":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","date_gmt":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/?p=12080"},"modified":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","slug":"pocd-demencia-alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"POCD - Dem\u00eancia e Alzheimer"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#POCD\" >POCD<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Testmethoden\" >M\u00e9todos de ensaio<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\" >Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\" >Teste dos Seis Itens Cognitivos (6CIT)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\" >Question\u00e1rio de Insucesso Cognitivo (CFQ)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\" >Influ\u00eancia dos narc\u00f3ticos na POCD p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3ria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Demenz_Alzheimer\" >Dem\u00eancia e Alzheimer<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quais s\u00e3o as diferen\u00e7as entre a POCD (<strong>P<\/strong>leste<strong>o<\/strong>perativa <strong>C<\/strong>ognitivo <strong>D<\/strong>ysfun\u00e7\u00e3o), a dem\u00eancia e a doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer e qual \u00e9 a situa\u00e7\u00e3o atual dos estudos m\u00e9dicos? Esta quest\u00e3o ser\u00e1 analisada e explicada em pormenor mais adiante. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Num outro artigo (ainda em curso), s\u00e3o apresentadas as possibilidades de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00f3leos essenciais e o seu efeito nos quadros cl\u00ednicos acima referidos. Todas as afirma\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o apoiadas por estudos cient\u00edficos independentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"POCD\"><\/span>POCD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A POCD ocorre frequentemente ap\u00f3s uma interven\u00e7\u00e3o cir\u00fargica, em consequ\u00eancia da anestesia. S\u00e3o afectadas pessoas de todas as idades, mas sobretudo doentes com mais de 60 anos. Tr\u00eas meses depois, cerca de 10 % continuam a sofrer de POCD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dependendo do estado geral de sa\u00fade, da idade, das doen\u00e7as anteriores e da extens\u00e3o da opera\u00e7\u00e3o, do n\u00edvel de educa\u00e7\u00e3o, mas tamb\u00e9m dos estupefacientes utilizados, representa geralmente um <a href=\"http:\/\/Cognitive dysfunction 1\u20132 years after non-cardiac surgery in the elderly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tempor\u00e1rio<\/a> Diminui\u00e7\u00e3o das fun\u00e7\u00f5es cognitivas (por exemplo, mem\u00f3ria, concentra\u00e7\u00e3o, capacidade de aprendizagem).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O risco de ocorr\u00eancia de POCD pode ser estimado atrav\u00e9s de v\u00e1rios testes antes e depois da opera\u00e7\u00e3o. O fator decisivo \u00e9 sempre a disponibilidade de dados comparativos recolhidos ANTES da opera\u00e7\u00e3o (pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em termos estat\u00edsticos <a href=\"http:\/\/Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction after Major Noncardiac Surgery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ocupado<\/a>, que <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>36,6 % dos 18-39 anos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30,4 % das pessoas com 40-59 anos e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>41,4 % de pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">sofria de POCD aquando da alta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mais <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/postoperative-kognitive-dysfunktion-2960a89b-577d-4f15-9307-8e9ae082b804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Artigo<\/a> do Jornal M\u00e9dico Alem\u00e3o 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testmethoden\"><\/span>M\u00e9todos de ensaio<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antes de mais, um breve resumo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong> \u00e9 o <strong>melhor teste validado<\/strong> para o rastreio de POCD com elevada sensibilidade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>6CIT<\/strong> pode ser utilizado como <strong>Rastreio ultrarr\u00e1pido<\/strong> pode ser utilizado, mas requer forma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CFQ<\/strong> \u00e9 <strong>n\u00e3o adequado<\/strong> <strong>como uma medida objetiva<\/strong> para POCD, mas sim para queixas cognitivas subjectivas e sofrimento psicol\u00f3gico<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o dos tr\u00eas m\u00e9todos de ensaio<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Teste<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Dura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Pontos<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Observa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Pontos fortes<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Limita\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>MoCA<\/strong><\/td><td>10 min<\/td><td>0-30<\/td><td>Melhor validado<\/td><td>Alta sensibilidade (90% para MCI), detecta POCD sob anestesia geral e regional<\/td><td>Requer forma\u00e7\u00e3o, execu\u00e7\u00e3o mais demorada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>6CIT<\/strong><\/td><td>2 min<\/td><td>0-28*<\/td><td>Rastreio r\u00e1pido<\/td><td>Muito r\u00e1pido, correlaciona-se bem com o MoCA (r=-0,86)<\/td><td>Baixa fiabilidade em contextos reais sem forma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CFQ<\/strong><\/td><td>5-10 min<\/td><td>0-100<\/td><td>Queixas subjectivas<\/td><td>Capta a fun\u00e7\u00e3o quotidiana, auto-relato<\/td><td>N\u00c3O se correlaciona com testes objectivos, mas mede o sofrimento psicol\u00f3gico<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*Aten\u00e7\u00e3o - pontua\u00e7\u00f5es mais elevadas indicam uma cogni\u00e7\u00e3o mais fraca!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\"><\/span>Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Nasreddine et al. (2005): &quot;The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment&quot; - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e execu\u00e7\u00e3o do teste<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O MoCA \u00e9 um <strong>Instrumento de rastreio cognitivo de 10 minutos<\/strong> com o m\u00e1ximo de <strong>30 pontos<\/strong>.<br>O teste avalia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mem\u00f3ria de curto prazo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compet\u00eancias visuo-espaciais (compet\u00eancias visuo-espaciais)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fun\u00e7\u00f5es executivas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aten\u00e7\u00e3o e mem\u00f3ria de trabalho (aten\u00e7\u00e3o, mem\u00f3ria de trabalho)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00edngua (l\u00edngua)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orienta\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Consist\u00eancia interna<\/strong>Alfa de Cronbach de 0,83 na vers\u00e3o original.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Com uma pontua\u00e7\u00e3o de corte de 26 pontos:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MMSE<\/strong>Sensibilidade do 18% para a dete\u00e7\u00e3o de ICM<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong>Sensibilidade do 90% para a dete\u00e7\u00e3o de ICM<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Para a dem\u00eancia de Alzheimer ligeira<\/strong>Sensibilidade do MMSE 78% vs. MoCA 100%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Especificidade<\/strong>MMSE 100%, MoCA 87%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Liga\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio vs. 24h p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3rio com anestesia geral<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: 27,17\u00b11,93 \u2192 26,23\u00b12,77 (p=0,003)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24,32\u00b13,19 \u2192 22,87\u00b13,88 (p=0,000)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio vs. 24h p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3rio para anestesia espinal<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: Sem diferen\u00e7a significativa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24,35\u00b12,84 \u2192 23,13\u00b14,08 (p=0,019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Incid\u00eancia de POCD<\/strong>MoCA 32,9% vs. MMSE 15,2% (p=0,018)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aten\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>O MoCA detectou decl\u00ednio cognitivo em ambos os grupos de anestesia, o MMSE apenas no grupo de anestesia geral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outros estudos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre o MoCA e o MMSE em doentes idosos ap\u00f3s uma pequena cirurgia electiva<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o do decl\u00ednio cognitivo p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3rio utilizando o Mini-Mental State Examination e a Montreal Cognitive Assessment ap\u00f3s uma pequena cirurgia electiva em idosos<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10811182\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MCI como fator de risco para POCD em cirurgia da coluna vertebral<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Defini\u00e7\u00e3o de POCD utilizando o MoCA<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Disfun\u00e7\u00e3o cognitiva p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3ria em doentes cir\u00fargicos idosos associada a uma maior utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o dos cuidados de sa\u00fade: um estudo prospetivo de um pa\u00eds de rendimento m\u00e9dio-alto<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9764502\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telefone-MoCA (T-MoCA) no contexto pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/Wang et al. (2022): &quot;Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of Risk Factors and Cognitive Functional Levels&quot; - Journal of Healthcare Engineering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Factores de risco para POCD de v\u00e1rios graus de gravidade<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Valores de corte do MoCA na pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica<\/a><br><br><strong>para uma cogni\u00e7\u00e3o normal<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 pontos<\/strong>95% Sensibilidade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>para exclus\u00e3o de dem\u00eancia ligeira<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226521 pontos<\/strong>98% valor preditivo negativo (NPV)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>para exclus\u00e3o ICM<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 pontos<\/strong>94% VAL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Precis\u00e3o diagn\u00f3stica do Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) para o rastreio cognitivo em psiquiatria da terceira idade: Determina\u00e7\u00e3o das pontua\u00e7\u00f5es de corte na pr\u00e1tica cl\u00ednica. Evitar o enviesamento do espetro causado por controlos saud\u00e1veis<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\"><\/span>Teste dos Seis Itens Cognitivos (6CIT)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e execu\u00e7\u00e3o do teste<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O <strong>6CIT<\/strong> (ver tamb\u00e9m. <strong>Kingshill Vers\u00e3o 2000<\/strong>) com um tempo m\u00e9dio de execu\u00e7\u00e3o de apenas 2,05 minutos e uma pontua\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e1xima de pi de 28, que descreve a pior cogni\u00e7\u00e3o, enquanto valores mais baixos significam melhor cogni\u00e7\u00e3o. O teste avalia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mem\u00f3ria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aten\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linguagem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fun\u00e7\u00f5es executivas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Velocidade motorizada<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pontua\u00e7\u00f5es medianas por grupo de diagn\u00f3stico<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SCD (Decl\u00ednio Cognitivo Subjetivo)<\/strong> - 2 pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>ICM (d\u00e9fice cognitivo ligeiro)<\/strong> - 5 pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dem\u00eancia<\/strong> - 17 pontos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outros estudos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o do Teste de D\u00e9fice Cognitivo de Seis Itens (6CIT) com instrumentos de rastreio cognitivo de curta dura\u00e7\u00e3o habitualmente utilizados numa popula\u00e7\u00e3o de cl\u00ednicas de mem\u00f3ria<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24256425\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Adequa\u00e7\u00e3o do 6CIT como teste de rastreio da dem\u00eancia em doentes dos cuidados prim\u00e1rios<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32342018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rastreio cognitivo r\u00e1pido presencial no contexto pr\u00e9-operat\u00f3rio: considera\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o teste e recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es da Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\"><\/span>Question\u00e1rio de Insucesso Cognitivo (CFQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Descri\u00e7\u00e3o do teste e desenvolvimento original<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O <strong>CFQ<\/strong> \u00e9 um <strong>question\u00e1rio auto-declarado<\/strong> com 25 perguntas para avaliar erros de perce\u00e7\u00e3o, mem\u00f3ria e fun\u00e7\u00e3o motora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Caracter\u00edsticas<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Escala de resposta<\/strong>0 (\u201eNunca\u201c) a 4 (\u201eMuito frequentemente\u201c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Intervalo de pontua\u00e7\u00e3o total<\/strong>0-100 (valores mais elevados indicam um maior d\u00e9fice cognitivo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Estabilidade<\/strong>Relativamente est\u00e1vel durante longos per\u00edodos (medi\u00e7\u00e3o de carater\u00edsticas em vez de medi\u00e7\u00e3o de estados)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o com crit\u00e9rios externos<\/strong>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o significativa com as classifica\u00e7\u00f5es dos c\u00f4njuges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Correla\u00e7\u00e3o com sintomas psiqui\u00e1tricos<\/strong>Sim (MHQ - Question\u00e1rio de Sa\u00fade Mental)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quatro subdom\u00ednios est\u00e3o inclu\u00eddos no resultado:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mem\u00f3ria<\/strong> com 0-32 pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Distratibilidade<\/strong> com 0-36 pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Erros (erro)<\/strong> com 0-28 pontos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nomes<\/strong> com 0-8 pontos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">POCD - \u00e2mbito t\u00edpico:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mem\u00f3ria<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aten\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Linguagem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fun\u00e7\u00f5es executivas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Velocidade motorizada<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outros estudos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">O Question\u00e1rio de Falhas Cognitivas (CFQ) e os seus correlatos<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5140732\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A cirurgia endosc\u00f3pica dos seios nasais melhora a disfun\u00e7\u00e3o cognitiva em doentes com rinossinusite cr\u00f3nica<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6385821\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Disfun\u00e7\u00e3o Cognitiva P\u00f3s-Operat\u00f3ria ap\u00f3s Cirurgia de Revasculariza\u00e7\u00e3o do Mioc\u00e1rdio<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10685926\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Efeitos do treino cognitivo ap\u00f3s uma cirurgia valvular card\u00edaca nas fun\u00e7\u00f5es cognitivas e na qualidade de vida relacionada com a sa\u00fade num per\u00edodo de doze meses: um ensaio cl\u00ednico aleat\u00f3rio<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10044453\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Revisitando a estrutura fatorial e a validade de constru\u00e7\u00e3o do Question\u00e1rio de Falhas Cognitivas<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10579381\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">O question\u00e1rio de falhas cognitivas em psiquiatria<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\"><\/span>Influ\u00eancia dos narc\u00f3ticos na POCD p\u00f3s-operat\u00f3ria<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o intravenosa de <em>Propofol<\/em> de acordo com o seguinte <a href=\"http:\/\/Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Possible neuronal mechanisms and practical consequences for clinical routine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">estudar<\/a> uma menor incid\u00eancia de del\u00edrio e POCD em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com a anestesia inalat\u00f3ria com sevoflurano. O estudo s\u00f3 est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel numa vers\u00e3o paga na <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00101-012-2024-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Texto completo<\/a> antes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A incid\u00eancia de POCD foi maior com sevoflurano (57,1%) em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com propofol (32,3%), e a incid\u00eancia de delirium tamb\u00e9m foi maior com sevoflurano (34,2%) em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com propofol (apenas 8,8%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Demenz_Alzheimer\"><\/span>Dem\u00eancia e Alzheimer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Embora a dem\u00eancia seja uma s\u00edndrome e descreva sintomas, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-and-dementia\/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alzheimer<\/a> a doen\u00e7a, \u00e9 uma causa espec\u00edfica destes sintomas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A dem\u00eancia subdivide-se em (<a href=\"http:\/\/Relative frequencies of Alzheimer disease, Lewy body, vascular and frontotemporal dementia, and hippocampal sclerosis in the State of Florida Brain Bank\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frequ\u00eancia<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer<\/strong> - (77%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dem\u00eancia de corpos de Lewy (LBD)<\/strong> - (26%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dem\u00eancia vascular (DV)<\/strong> - (18%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Esclerose do hipocampo (HS)<\/strong> - (13%) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dem\u00eancia frontotemporal (FTD)<\/strong> - (5%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dem\u00eancia mista<\/strong><br>Doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer simult\u00e2nea em doentes com LBD - (66%)<br>Doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer simult\u00e2nea em doentes com doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer - (77%)<br>Doen\u00e7a de Alzheimer simult\u00e2nea em doentes com SH - (66%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De acordo com os conhecimentos actuais (01.2026), todas as formas de dem\u00eancia s\u00e3o consideradas incur\u00e1veis. Apenas a progress\u00e3o pode ser retardada. Para al\u00e9m dos medicamentos conhecidos <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12131090\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">outro 138 pesquisado<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em termos de preven\u00e7\u00e3o, foi demonstrado que o ensino superior, a atividade f\u00edsica, as boas capacidades de adapta\u00e7\u00e3o e uma rede social forte t\u00eam um efeito positivo na redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos factores de risco de dem\u00eancia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Outros estudos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">... ser\u00e1 continuado ...<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Was sind die Unterschiede zwischen POCD (Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction), Demenz und Alzheimer und wie ist die aktuelle, medizinische Studienlage? Dies soll nachfolgend untersucht und detailliert dargelegt werden. In einem weiteren Beitrag (noch in Bearbeitung) werden M\u00f6glichkeiten der Anwendung \u00c4therischer \u00d6le und deren Wirkung auf o.g. Krankheitsbilder aufgezeigt. Alle Aussagen werden mittels unabh\u00e4ngiger wissenschaftlicher Studien belegt.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Ler mais \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">POCD - Dem\u00eancia e Alzheimer<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12080"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}