{"id":12080,"date":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","date_gmt":"2026-01-03T17:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/?p=12080"},"modified":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T18:20:53","slug":"pocd-dementia-alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"POCD - Dementia &amp; Alzheimer's"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#POCD\" >POCD<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Testmethoden\" >Test methods<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\" >Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\" >Six Cognitive Item Test (6CIT)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\" >Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\" >Influence of narcotics on postoperative POCD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/#Demenz_Alzheimer\" >Dementia &amp; Alzheimer's<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What are the differences between POCD (<strong>P<\/strong>east<strong>o<\/strong>perative <strong>C<\/strong>ognitive <strong>D<\/strong>ysfunction), dementia and Alzheimer's and what is the current medical study situation? This will be examined and explained in detail below. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a further article (still in progress), the possibilities of using essential oils and their effect on the above-mentioned clinical pictures are shown. All statements are supported by independent scientific studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"POCD\"><\/span>POCD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">POCD often occurs after surgery as a result of anesthesia. People of all ages are affected, but mainly patients over 60 years of age. Three months later, around 10 % still suffer from POCD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on their overall state of health, age, previous illnesses and extent of the operation, level of education, but also depending on the narcotics used, it usually represents a <a href=\"http:\/\/Cognitive dysfunction 1\u20132 years after non-cardiac surgery in the elderly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">temporary<\/a> Impairment of cognitive functions (e.g. memory, concentration, learning ability).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The risk of POCD occurring can be estimated using various tests before and after the operation. The decisive factor is always the availability of comparative data collected BEFORE the operation (preoperative).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistically <a href=\"http:\/\/Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction after Major Noncardiac Surgery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">occupied<\/a>, that <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>36.6 % of 18-39 year olds<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30.4 % of 40-59 year olds and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>41.4 % of patients over 60 years of age.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">suffered from POCD on discharge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aerzteblatt.de\/archiv\/postoperative-kognitive-dysfunktion-2960a89b-577d-4f15-9307-8e9ae082b804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Article<\/a> of the German Medical Journal 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testmethoden\"><\/span>Test methods<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A brief summary in advance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong> is the <strong>best validated test<\/strong> for POCD screening with high sensitivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>6CIT<\/strong> can be used as <strong>Ultra-fast screening<\/strong> can be used, but requires training<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CFQ<\/strong> is <strong>not suitable<\/strong> <strong>as an objective measure<\/strong> for POCD, rather for subjective cognitive complaints and psychological distress<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comparison of all three test methods<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Test<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Duration<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Points<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Remark<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Strengths<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Limitations<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>MoCA<\/strong><\/td><td>10 min<\/td><td>0-30<\/td><td>Best validated<\/td><td>High sensitivity (90% for MCI), detects POCD under general &amp; regional anesthesia<\/td><td>Requires training, longer implementation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>6CIT<\/strong><\/td><td>2 min<\/td><td>0-28*<\/td><td>Fast screening<\/td><td>Very fast, correlates well with MoCA (r=-0.86)<\/td><td>Low reliability in real-world settings without training<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CFQ<\/strong><\/td><td>5-10 min<\/td><td>0-100<\/td><td>Subjective complaints<\/td><td>Captures everyday function, self-report<\/td><td>Does NOT correlate with objective tests, rather measures psychological distress<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*Caution - Higher scores indicate poorer cognition!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Montreal_Cognitive_Assessment_MoCA\"><\/span>Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/Nasreddine et al. (2005): &quot;The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment&quot; - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Test description and implementation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The MoCA is a <strong>10-minute cognitive screening tool<\/strong> with maximum <strong>30 points<\/strong>.<br>The test evaluates:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Short-term memory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Visuospatial skills (visuospatial skills)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Executive functions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attention and working memory (attention, working memory)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Language (language)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orientation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Internal consistency<\/strong>Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 in the original version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>With a cut-off score of 26 points:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>MMSE<\/strong>Sensitivity 18% for the detection of MCI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MoCA<\/strong>Sensitivity 90% for the detection of MCI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>For mild Alzheimer's dementia<\/strong>MMSE 78% Sensitivity vs. MoCA 100%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Specificity<\/strong>MMSE 100%, MoCA 87%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Link:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15817019\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Preoperative vs. 24h postoperative with general anesthesia<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: 27.17\u00b11.93 \u2192 26.23\u00b12.77 (p=0.003)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24.32\u00b13.19 \u2192 22.87\u00b13.88 (p=0.000)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Preoperative vs. 24h postoperative for spinal anesthesia<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>MMSE: No significant difference<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MoCA: 24.35\u00b12.84 \u2192 23.13\u00b14.08 (p=0.019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>POCD incidence<\/strong>: MoCA 32.9% vs. MMSE 15.2% (p=0.018)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Danger<\/strong>MoCA detected cognitive decline in both anesthesia groups, MMSE only in the general anesthesia group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further studies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comparison of MoCA vs. MMSE in elderly patients after minor elective surgery<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8580134\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comparison of Postoperative Cognitive Decline Using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment After Minor Elective Surgery in Elderly<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10811182\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MCI as a risk factor for POCD in spinal surgery<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">POCD definition using MoCA<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8925052\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older surgical patients associated with increased healthcare utilization: a prospective study from an upper-middle-income country<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9764502\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Telephone-MoCA (T-MoCA) in the preoperative setting<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/Wang et al. (2022): &quot;Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of Risk Factors and Cognitive Functional Levels&quot; - Journal of Healthcare Engineering\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Risk factors for POCD of various degrees of severity<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MoCA cut-off values in clinical practice<\/a><br><br><strong>for normal cognition<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 points<\/strong>95% Sensitivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>for exclusion of mild dementia<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226521 points<\/strong>98% negative predictive value (NPV)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>for exclusion MCI<\/strong>:<br><strong>\u226526 points<\/strong>94% NPV<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7028034\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Diagnostic accuracy of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognitive screening in old age psychiatry: Determining cutoff scores in clinical practice. Avoiding spectrum bias caused by healthy controls<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Six_Cognitive_Item_Test_6CIT\"><\/span>Six Cognitive Item Test (6CIT)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Test description and implementation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>6CIT<\/strong> (see also. <strong>Kingshill Version 2000<\/strong>) is with an average execution time of only 2.05 minutes with a maximum pi score of 28, which describes the worst cognition, while lower values mean better cognition. The test evaluates:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Memory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attention<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Language<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Executive functions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motor speed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Median scores according to diagnostic groups<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SCD (Subjective Cognitive Decline)<\/strong> - 2 points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment)<\/strong> - 5 points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>dementia<\/strong> - 17 points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further studies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10200246\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Comparison of the Six Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT) to Commonly-Used Short Cognitive Screening Instruments in a Memory Clinic Population<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24256425\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Suitability of the 6CIT as a screening test for dementia in primary care patients<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32342018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rapid In-Person Cognitive Screening in the Preoperative Setting: Test Considerations and Recommendations from the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cognitive_Failure_Questionnaire_CFQ\"><\/span>Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Test description and original development<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>CFQ<\/strong> is a <strong>self-reported questionnaire<\/strong> with 25 questions to evaluate errors in perception, memory and motor function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Characteristics<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Answer scale<\/strong>0 (\u201eNever\u201c) to 4 (\u201eVery often\u201c)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Total score range<\/strong>0-100 (higher values indicate greater cognitive impairment)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stability<\/strong>Relatively stable over long periods (trait instead of state measurement)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Correlation with external criteria<\/strong>Significant correlation with ratings by spouses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Correlation with psychiatric symptoms<\/strong>Yes (MHQ - Mental Health Questionnaire)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Four subdomains are included in the result:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Memory<\/strong> with 0-32 points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Distractibility<\/strong> with 0-36 points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blunders (error)<\/strong> with 0-28 points<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Names<\/strong> with 0-8 points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">POCD-typical scope:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Memory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Attention<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Language<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Executive functions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motor speed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further studies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7126941\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5140732\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6385821\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10685926\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Twelve-month follow-up effects of cognitive training after heart valve surgery on cognitive functions and health-related quality of life: a randomized clinical trial<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10044453\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Revisiting the Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10579381\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The cognitive failures questionnaire in psychiatry<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Einfluss_von_Narkotika_auf_postoperative_POCD\"><\/span>Influence of narcotics on postoperative POCD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The intravenously applied <em>Propofol<\/em> according to this <a href=\"http:\/\/Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Possible neuronal mechanisms and practical consequences for clinical routine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">study<\/a> a lower incidence of delirium and POCD compared to inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane. The study is only available as a paid version in the <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00101-012-2024-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Full text<\/a> before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The incidence of POCD was higher with sevoflurane (57.1%) compared to propofol (32.3%), and the incidence of delirium was also higher with sevoflurane at 34.2% compared to propofol at only 8.8%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Demenz_Alzheimer\"><\/span>Dementia &amp; Alzheimer's<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While dementia is a syndrome and describes symptoms, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-and-dementia\/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alzheimer<\/a> the disease, is a specific cause of these symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dementia is subdivided into (<a href=\"http:\/\/Relative frequencies of Alzheimer disease, Lewy body, vascular and frontotemporal dementia, and hippocampal sclerosis in the State of Florida Brain Bank\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frequency<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Alzheimer's disease<\/strong> - (77%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lewy body dementia (LBD)<\/strong> - (26%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vascular dementia (VaD)<\/strong> - (18%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hippocampal sclerosis (HS)<\/strong> - (13%) <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)<\/strong> - (5%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mixed dementia<\/strong><br>Concurrent Alzheimer's disease in LBD patients - (66%)<br>Concurrent Alzheimer's disease in VaD patients - (77%)<br>Concurrent Alzheimer's disease in HS patients - (66%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to current knowledge (01.2026), all forms of dementia are considered incurable. Only the progression can be slowed down. In addition to the known drugs <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12131090\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">another 138 researched<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In terms of prevention, higher education, physical activity, good coping skills and a strong social network have been shown to have a positive effect on reducing dementia risk factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Further studies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026 to be continued \u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Was sind die Unterschiede zwischen POCD (Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction), Demenz und Alzheimer und wie ist die aktuelle, medizinische Studienlage? Dies soll nachfolgend untersucht und detailliert dargelegt werden. In einem weiteren Beitrag (noch in Bearbeitung) werden M\u00f6glichkeiten der Anwendung \u00c4therischer \u00d6le und deren Wirkung auf o.g. Krankheitsbilder aufgezeigt. Alle Aussagen werden mittels unabh\u00e4ngiger wissenschaftlicher Studien belegt.&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/blog\/2026\/01\/03\/pocd-demenz-alzheimer\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More \"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">POCD - Dementia &amp; Alzheimer's<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"modified_by":"Achim Goerner","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12080"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12080\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/csiag.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}